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free church
A "free church" is a Christian denomination that is intrinsically separated from government (as opposed to a theocracy, or an "established" or state church). A free church does not define government policy, nor have governments define church policy or theology, nor seeks or receives government endorsement or funding for its general mission. The term is especially relevant in countries with established state churches.
==History==
The free church is a pattern that evolved in the Americas, while much of Europe maintains some government involvement in religion and churches via taxation to support them and by appointing ministers and bishops etc., although free churches have been founded in Europe outside of the state system 〔http://anglicanhistory.org/misc/freechurch/ Project Canterbury: The Free Church Movement〕〔http://anglicanhistory.org/usa/jhhbrown/free1857.html What "Free Church" means and Why Churches should be Free. (1857)〕
Protestant historians would typically argue that this is historically what the Christian church was before the Emperor Constantine legalized Christianity (see Early Christianity) and before the later setting up of the state church of the Roman Empire, and did not appear again until the appearance, within the Protestant Reformation, of groups such as the Calvinists and radical movements such as the Anabaptists. However some Calvinist churches were also state churches, such as the Dutch Reformed Church in the Netherlands. This is also a somewhat Eurocentric perspective, as there were many thriving Christian communities in the Far East (India and China) during medieval times, yet none of these communities ever wielded control of a state.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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